Ni kenshi wumva ijambo satellite ariko ntusobanukirwe neza uko ishobora kwifashishwa cyangwa gukoreshwa mu bikorwa bitandukanye by’iterambere.
Iyo bigeze ku bihugu nka Afurika usanga ikoranabuhanga rikiri gutezwa imbere kurushaho mu nzira zo kurizamura biba ibindi kuko abantu benshi bataratangira gutekereza uko bikwiye.
Mu nama yiga ku buryo itumanaho rya satellite ryarushaho gukoreshwa mu bikorwa bigamije kugeza Umugabane wa Afurika ku iterambere rirambye iri kubera mu Rwanda hagarutswe ku mpamvu satellite ikenewe.
Iyi nama y’iminsi ibiri yateguwe n’Ikigo gishinzwe Ibijyanye n’Isanzure mu Rwanda (Rwanda Space Agency ’RSA’), Minisiteri y’Ikoranabuhanga na Inovasiyo ku bufatanye n’Ihuriro ry’Ibigo bishinzwe ibijyanye n’ikoranabuhanga rya ‘Satellite’ ku Isi (GSOA).
Iri guhuriza hamwe abayobozi b’ibigo bishinzwe ibijyanye n’Isanzure byo hirya no hino muri Afurika, ibigo bitanga serivisi z’ikoranabuhanga mu bya satellite; yitezweho kuzavamo ingamba z’uburyo Afurika yarushaho gukoresha iri koranabuhanga muri serivisi zigamije guteza imbere ubukungu n’imibereho y’abaturage.
Minisitiri w’Ikoranabuhanga na Inovasiyo mu Rwanda, Ingabire Musoni Paula, yasabye ibihugu bya Afurika n’ibigo byo kuri uyu mugabane bishinzwe ibijyanye n’itumanaho ryifashisha internet kurebera hamwe uko iri koranabuhanga ryarushaho kwifashishwa mu gukemura ibibazo byugarije abaturage birimo no kutagerwaho na internet.
Ati “Ikoranabuhanga rijyanye na satellite rifite ubushobozi bwo kuziba icyuho mu bijyanye n’itumanaho, haba aho ritagera na busa ndetse n’aho rigera ridahagije. Birasaba ukwiyemeza kw’impande zose bireba kugira ngo tugere kuri ubu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga ridaheza. Inzego ngenzuramikorere zigomba gushyiraho ingamba zizatuma serivisi z’itumanaho zishingiye kuri satellite zirushaho kugera kure.”
Yakomeje agira ati “Mfite icyizere cy’uko iyi nama izavamo ingamba nshya z’uburyo itumanaho mu bya ‘satellites’ ryakoreshwa mu guteza imbere imibereho n’ubukungu bw’ibihugu byacu.”
Umuyobozi Mukuru w’Ikigo gishinzwe Ibijyanye n’Isanzure mu Rwanda RSA, Col. Francis Ngabo, yavuze ko iyi nama ibaye mu gihe muri Afurika hakiri ikibazo cy’uko serivisi z’itumanaho zitangwa hifashishijwe ibikorwaremezo byo ku butaka, bigatuma hari abasigara inyuma.
Ati “Iyo urebye imiterere y’ibijyanye n’ikorabuhanga mu itumanaho muri Afurika, birumvikana ndetse biranigaragaza ko bigizwe ahanini n’ibikorwaremezo byo ku butaka ariko imiterere y’iri koranabuhanga ryifashisha ibi bikorwaremezo ituma bigorana ko abantu bose bagerwaho n’izi serivisi cyane abatuye mu bice biri kure y’imijyi. Imibare igaragaza ko abaturage hafi miliyoni 100 kuri uyu mugabane badafite uburyo bw’itumanaho.”
Yasabye ko ibigo bifite mu nshingano ibijyanye n’ikoranabuhanga rya ‘satellite’ byatahiriza umugozi umwe mu gukemura icyo kibazo.
Kugeza ubu abahanga mu by’ikoranabuhanga bagaragaza ko bitewe n’imiterere ya Afurika, ikoranabuhanga rya ‘satellites’ ari ryo ryafasha mu gukemura ikibazo cy’uko abaturage b’uyu mugabane benshi batagerwaho na internet cyane ko imibare igaragaza ko 2/5 bya Afurika ari byo bigerwaho na internet.
Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa w’Ihuriro ry’Ibigo bishinzwe ibijyanye n’ikoranabuhanga rya ‘Satellite’ ku Isi (GSOA), Aarti Holla, yashimye intambwe imaze guterwa n’u Rwanda mu ikoreshwa ry’iri koranabuhanga ndetse yizeza ko iri huriro ryiteguye gutanga ubufasha bwose buzakenerwa ngo imikoreshereze y’ikoranabuhanga rishingiye kuri satellite irusheho gutera imbere muri Afurika.
Iyi nama ibaye mu gihe ibihugu bya Afurika byinshi birimo n’u Rwanda byamaze gukanguka bibona inyungu ziri mu ikoranabuhanga rishingiye kuri satellite, yaba mu bijyanye no kurwanya ibiza, ubuhinzi, umutekano ndetse n’itumanaho.
Urugero, mu 2014 ubwo Nigeria yari ihanganye n’umutwe w’iterabwoba wa Boko Haram, iki gihugu cyifashishije ‘satellites’ ebyiri gifite mu isanzure mu gukurikirana aba barwanyi bari barigaruriye igice cy’Amajyaruguru ashyira uburasirazuba ndetse no kubarwanya.
Binyuze mu mushinga witwa ‘SAT4Farming program’ wifashisha satellite Ghana yohereje mu isanzure mu 2017, abahinzi ba Cocoa muri iki gihugu bahabwa amakuru ajyanye n’iteganyagihe, imiterere y’ubutaka n’ibyonnyi nabo bakayagenderaho bahinga. Ibi byakemuye ikibazo cyo kugabanuka k’umusaruro w’iki gihingwa wari utangiye guhangayikisha iki gihugu.
Kugeza mu 2021 u Rwanda rwari rufite satellites ebyiri mu isanzure zirimo iyitwa Rwasat-1 imaze imyaka irenga itatu mu isanzure itanga amakuru ajyanye n’ubutaka bw’u Rwanda yifashishwa mu buhinzi n’ubworozi ndetse n’indi yiswe ‘Icyerekezo’ yoherejwe kugira ngo ijye itanga umuyoboro wa murandasi ku banyeshuri bo ku kirwa cya Nkombo kiri mu kiyaga cya Kivu.
Umugabane wa Afurika wihaye intego ko bizagera mu 2025 umaze kohereza mu isanzure satellites 100 nshya. Mu bihugu bya Afurika bimaze kuzohereza harimo u Rwanda, Misiri, Afurika y’Epfo, Algeria, Nigeria, Maroc, Ghana, Sudani, Ethiopia, Angola Kenya n’Ibirwa bya Maurice.
